The UN General Assembly strengthens the global fight against illegal trade in cultural artifacts
Supported by more than 140 countries and passed without a vote, the resolution recognizes that tackling the illegal trade in such goods is vital to preserving identity and tradition of communities around the world and allowing them to practice freely and protect their invaluable heritage.
It also acknowledges the devastating impact of illicit trade on cultural heritage generally, especially in conflict-affected areas where looting and smuggling of artifacts often fund crime. organized crime and terrorism.
Strengthen law enforcement
The resolution calls on Member States to put in place effective national and international measures to prevent and combat illicit trade in cultural property, as well as to provide special training for police, customs and border agencies.
Notably, it invites them to consider the trade in cultural property – including the theft and looting of archaeological and other cultural sites – as a serious crime.
It further calls on all countries to establish, where they do not yet exist, specialized police units dedicated to protecting cultural heritage. Investigate cultural property trafficking cases.
The role of museums and action houses
Noting the importance of collaborating with museums, auction houses, art dealers and collectors, and scientific institutions, the report calls for a “proactive stance” to asset verification Where does culture come from in terms of sale or acquisition.
This may include implementing rigorous audit procedures and comprehensive recording practices, while prioritizing transparency and collaborating with international organizations and law enforcement agencies to prevent human trafficking.
The resolution also emphasizes the importance of the continued efforts of the United Nations system, in particular UNESCOto engage with art market experts on ethnic and legal considerations, as well as raise awareness on establishing provenance investigations, appraisals and return or compensation procedures often.
Overview of the General Assembly during the 48th plenary session, 79th session.
The real-world war continues
Within the United Nations system, the education, science and culture agency UNESCO is leading efforts in the global fight against illegal trade and trafficking in cultural heritage.
These include practical measures to strengthen the legal framework, improve enforcement capacity and raise awareness among all stakeholders, as well as develop resources to strengthen implementation. 1970 Convention on the Measures of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property.
At the heart of these efforts is UNESCO National cultural heritage law databasewhich archives more than 3,100 laws from 189 countries, providing a vital resource for governments, law enforcement agencies, and cultural organizations.
UNESCO also issues web alerts to inform Member States, INTERPOL and other stakeholders of stolen cultural property, promoting cooperation.
Virtual museum
In an innovative move, UNESCO announces it is developing a Virtual Museum of Stolen Cultural Artifacts, expected to launch in 2025.
This groundbreaking project will feature three-dimensional (3D) models and high-quality images of the stolen artifacts, accompanied by detailed historical and educational narratives.
Unlike traditional museums, its goal is to “empty the collections” as artifacts are recovered and returned to their rightful owners.
