The loss of life and devastation caused by the use of explosive weapons in densely populated areas (EWIPA) has long been evident, and it is a problem. António Guterres have been concerned for more than a decade, have repeatedly urged warring parties to avoid their use.
Air strikes on civilian facilities in Saudi Arabia and Yemen topped by constant attacks against Ukrainewhere millions are living in constant fear of indiscriminate shelling, are just the most recent examples of this catastrophe.
“When explosive weapons are used in densely populated areas, 90% of the casualties are civiliansleads to long-term trauma to millions of girls, boys, women and men,” statement on behalf of the head of the United Nationsnote that informal consultations for an EWIPA treaty will take place in Geneva from 6 to 8 April.
‘Indiscriminate destruction’
EWIPA creates a consistent pattern of harm to civilians, destroying lives, livelihoods, and critical infrastructure such as healthcare – of which civilians account for 9 out of 10 casualties.
“Densely populated areas across the region endured the devastating devastation of a hail of explosive weapons with wide-area effects.“The statement continued.
It notes that “certain types” of heavy weapons originally designed for traditional, open battlefields, when used in densely populated areas “cause massive and often indiscriminate destruction.” affect civilians and civilian objects, including healthcare facilities, schools, water and sanitation facilities, energy and other critical infrastructure, and the environment”.
Destruction resounds
The damage and destruction of “civilian objects and critical infrastructure” left long after the fighting ended, for the civilians who survived the stricken conditions. bombardment and siege.
The devastating effects include the long-term loss of access to education, health services, water, communications and livelihoods – infringing on the “economic, social and cultural rights of people” affected. ”
Furthermore, these disruptive effects represent the primary driver of mass displacement, both within States and across borders, and hinder voluntary, safe, decent and sustainability of displaced communities to their places of origin.
“Moreover, the use of these weapons in densely populated areas often results in high levels of explosive contamination, hindering stabilization and reconstruction efforts long after the wars have ended. . Removal through mine action operations is also complex, costly and dangerous,” the statement continued.
‘Strong Text’ required
The top United Nations official welcomed the work done to date to develop a political statement that “addresses the humanitarian impact as well as with respect to human rights” arising from EWIPA.
He also called for “a strong text” that includes a clear commitment to avoid in densely populated spaces large-scale explosive weapons, “because their potential for indiscriminate influence is considerable. and can be foreseen.”
“The Secretary-General advocates the development of a political statement, as well as appropriate limits, common standards and operating policy consistent with and further existing requirements under international humanitarian law. related to the use of explosive weapons in densely populated areas,” the statement concluded.
